Glossary
Acronym | Explanation |
---|---|
ADAS | Agricultural Development and Advisory Service |
AFLP | Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism |
anthesis | the time of flowering in a plant |
autopolyploid | a polyploid organism that originates by the mulitpication of a single genome of the same species |
BACs | Bacterial Artificial Chromosome |
BBSRC | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council |
BBSRC ISIS | BBSRC International Scientific Interchange Scheme |
BBSRC REI | BBSRC Research Equipment Initiative |
BioExploit | EU project on the improvement of fungal disease resistance in wheat and potatoe |
BioSS | Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland |
Brackling | buckling of the straw at a point well above ground level |
BRACT | Defra sponsored project - Biotechnology Resources for Arable Crop Transformation |
BSPB | British Society of Plant Breeders |
BYDV | Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus |
CCFRA | Campden and Chorleywood Food Research Association Group |
CIMMYT | International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center |
CIP | Cross Institute Programme |
CODDLE | Codons Optimised to Discover Deleterious Lesions (Computer programme) |
COS | Conserved Orthologous Sequence |
CR-EST | The IPK Crop EST database |
CSIR | Never used in full - S. African Government research organisation |
CSIRO | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation |
DArT | Diversity Arrays Technology |
Defra | Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs |
DFFS | Diversity Fixed Foundation Set |
DH | Double Haploid |
DSIR | Department of Scientific and Industrial Research |
ELISA | Enzyme-Linked Immunosobent Assay |
EMS | Ethyl Methane Sulphonate |
EST(s) | Expressed Sequence Tag(s) |
FLAME | Form Leaf Area Measurement |
FYM | Farm Yard Manure |
FRAC | Food Research and Action Center |
GA | Giberellins |
GAI | Green Area Index |
Gediflux | EU Project: Genetic Diversity in Agriculture: Temporal Flux, Sustainable Productivity and Food Security |
GM(O) | Genetically Modified (Organism) |
GRDC | Grain Research and Development Corporation of the Australian Government |
GREEN Grain Project | Genetic Reduction of Energy use and Emissions of Nitrogen Project |
GS | Growth Stage |
GxE interactions | Genotype X Environment Interactions |
HGCA | Home Grown Cereals Authority |
HPLC | High Pressure Liquid Chromatography |
HRI | Horticulture Reasearch International |
HTP | hydroxy tryptophan |
IGF | Investigating Gene Function |
INRA | Institut Nationale de Researche d'Agriculture |
introgression | the incorporation of genes of one species into the gene pool of another |
IP | Intellectual Property |
IPK Gatersleben | Institute of Crop Genetics and Crop Plant Research in Gatersleben |
ITMI | International Triticeae Mapping Initiative |
JIC | John Innes Centre |
LINK | A joint Government -industry funded project. |
linkage | the association of genes that results from their being on the same chromosome |
LMA | late maturation amylase |
MAG | Milling advisory group |
MAS | Marker-Assisted Selection |
MTA | Material Transfer Aggreement |
NABIM | National Association of British and Irish Millers |
NBS | Nucleotide Binding Site |
NBS-LRR | nucleotide-binding site plus leucine-rich repeat gene (A disease resistance gene family) |
NIAB | National Institute of Agricultural Botany |
NIR | Near Infrared |
NPR1 | non-expresser of PR genes (NPR1 is a key regulator in the signal transduction pathway that leads to SAR) |
NSDO | National Seed Development Organisation |
NUE | Nitrogen Use Efficiency |
OREGIN | Oilseed RapE Genetic Improvement Network |
PBI | Plant Breeding Institute |
PCR | Polymerase Chain Reactiom |
PGR | Plant Growth Regulator |
PCR | Polymerase Chain Reactiom |
PHS | Pre-harvest sprouting |
PIC | polymorphism index content |
pleiotropic | an allele or gene that affects serveral traits at the same time |
PM | plasma membrane |
PMA | pre-maturity amylase |
PMAA | pre-maturity alpha amylase activity |
PoMS | post-maturity sprouting |
PR genes | pathogen related genes |
PrMS | pre-maturity sprouting |
pycnidium | a flask-shaped fungal receptacle bearing asexual spores |
RAPD | random amplified polymorphic DNA |
QTL | Quantitative Trait Loci |
RFLPs | Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism |
Rht | Wheat locus controlling plant height |
RLPlus | a computer software |
RNAi | RNA interference |
RRES | Rothamsted Research |
SAR | Systemic aquired resistance |
SBCMV | Soil-Borne Cereal Mosaic Virus |
SBWMV | Soil-Borne Wheat Mosaic Virus |
SCRI | Scottish Crop Research Institute |
SDS | sodium dodecyl sulfate-poliacrylamide |
SNP | Single Nucleotide Polymorphism |
SSAP | sequence-specific amplification polymorphism |
SSAP analysis | Transposon-based fingerprinting |
SSD | Single Seed Descent |
SSRs | Simple sequence Repeat |
STMP | Sequence Tagged Microsatellite Profiling |
SWRI | Scotch Whisky Research Institute |
TILLING | Targetting Induced Local Lesions In Genomes |
Tristimulus colorimeter | instrumental colour measurement that detects all the shade that can been seen with the human eye |
UoB | University of Bristol |
UoN | University of Nottingham |
USDA | United States Department of Agriculture |
VCU | Value of Cultivation and Use |
VR | Vavilov Institute |
US NSF | United States National Science Foundation |
WAVE dHPLC | Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography |
WGIN | Wheat Genetic Improvement Network |
"Definitions where appropriate taken from The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Plant Breeding and Related Subjects by Ralf Schlegel, Published by Haworth Press 2003, ISBN 1560229500"